Explanation

• The national anthem of Pakistan was first played on August 13, 1954.
• The music for the national anthem was written by Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949.
• The lyrics were written by Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Presented by: Liaquat Ali Khan
• Approved by: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan
• Approval and Adopted Date: 11 August 1947
• Designer: Ameer-ud-Din Kidwai

Additional information:

• Green color represents Muslim majority.
• White stripe represents religious minorities.
• Crescent symbolizes progress.
• Star represents light and knowledge.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• Indus Waters Treaty was signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India.
• It was mediated by the World Bank.
• The main purpose is to ensure fair water distribution of Indus River system.
• The main objective is water sharing.
• Total major rivers in Indus system: 5
• Eastern rivers: Ravi, Sutlej, Beas (given to India)
• Western rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab (given to Pakistan)

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

Objectives Resolution (قراردادِ مقاصد)

• Adopted: 12 March 1949

• Adopting Body: Constituent Assembly of Pakistan

• Presented By: Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan

• Date of Presentation: 7 March 1949

Additional information:

• Total Members of Assembly: 75

• Members Supporting the Resolution: 21

• Minority Members: 10

• All amendments proposed by minority members were rejected.

• As a result, all 10 minority members voted against the resolution.

Last Updated on 12-01-2026